Everything about License totally explained
The verb
license or
grant license means to give permission. The noun license (or
licence in
British spelling) is the document demonstrating that permission. License may be granted by a party ("licensor") to another party ("licensee") as an element of an agreement between those parties. A shorthand definition of a license is "a promise (by the licensor) not to sue (the licensee)."
Intellectual property
A licensor may grant
license under "
intellectual property" to do something (such as copy software or use a
patented invention) without fear of a claim of intellectual property infringement brought by the licensor.
A license under intellectual property commonly has several component parts, including a
term,
territory,
renewal, as well as other limitations deemed vital to the licensor.
Term: many licenses are valid for a particular length of time. This protects the licensor should the value of the license increase, or market conditions change.
Territory: a license may stipulate what territory the rights pertain to. For example, a license with a territory limited to "North America" (United States/Canada) wouldn't permit a licensee any protection for actions in Japan.
Mass licensing of software
Mass distributed software is used by individuals on personal computers under license from the developer of that software. Such license is typically included in a more extensive end-user license agreement (EULA) entered into upon the installation of that software on a computer.
Under a typical end-user license agreement, the user may install the software on a limited number of computers.
The enforceability of end-user license agreements is sometimes
questioned.
Trademark and brand licensing
A licensor may grant permission to a licensee to distribute products under a
trademark. With such a license, the licensee may use the trademark without fear of a claim of trademark infringement by the licensor.
Artwork and character licensing
A licensor may grant a permission to a licensee to copy and distribute
copyrighted works such as "art" (for example,
Thomas Kincaid's painting "Dawn in Los Gatos") and characters (for example,
Mickey Mouse). With such license, a licensee need not fear a claim of copyright infringement brought by the licensor.
Academy
» National examples of the License are listed at Licentiate
A
licence is an
academic degree. Originally, in order to teach at a university, one needed this degree which, according to its title, gave the bearer a license to teach. The name survived despite the fact that nowadays
doctorate is typically needed in order to teach at a university. A person who holds a licence is called a
licentiate.
In Sweden and some European
universities it's approximately equivalent to an
MPhil or
MRes. In those countries, a licence is a middle-level degree between a master's degree and a doctorate, taken by doctoral canidates, and is a popular choice in those countries where a "true" Phd would take five or more years to achieve.
In other countries, for example
Poland or
France, a licence is achieved before the master's degree (it takes 3 years of studies to become
licentiate and 2 additional years to become Master).In Switzerland, a licence is a 4-year degree then there's a
DEA degree which is equivalent to the
Master's degree. In
Portugal, before the
Bologna process, students would become licentiates after 5 years of studies (4 years in particular cases like Marketing, Management, etc; and 6 years for Medicine). However, since the adoption of the
Bologna Process engineering degrees in Portugal were changed from a 5 year licence to a 3 year licence followed by 2 years for the MSc: Not having the MSc doesn't confer accreditation by the
Ordem dos Engenheiros)
Further Information
Get more info on 'License'.
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